Development Status of Foreign Steel Structure Building Industrialization
Steel structure has the advantages of good seismic resistance, light weight, high strength, and fast construction. It is currently the leading building structure in developed countries and is widely used in high-rise and super high-rise buildings. In Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, the United States, Finland, France, Sweden, Denmark and other countries, a considerable-scale industrialized steel structure building system has been formed. Australia is mainly based on the cold-formed thin-walled light steel structure building system, which was developed in the 1960s. This system was mainly developed by BlueScope and formulated relevant enterprise standards. The system is widely used in Australia, the United States, Canada, Japan and other countries due to its environmental protection, fast construction speed, and good seismic performance. In Australia, for example, the construction of steel structure buildings accounts for about 50% of all new residential buildings. There are three types of Japanese industrialized houses: wood structure, concrete structure and steel structure. By the end of the 1990s, wood structure accounted for 18%, concrete structure accounted for 11%, and steel structure accounted for 71%. Japanese steel structure buildings are mostly built by large enterprise groups, such as Sekisui (SEKISUI), Panasonic Housing (PANAHOME), these large companies can integrate almost all the components of steel structure buildings. A typical example is the housing branch of Sekisui Company.“Sekisui Haimu”(Heim) series of steel structure houses, all of which are manufactured in the factory with high precision. In the United States in the 1990s, about 5% of residential buildings used steel structures, and now it has exceeded 40%. Most of the multi-storey hotels and apartments in the United States use light steel structures. The multi-storey light steel structure building technology is an integrated synthesis that integrates light steel structures, building energy conservation, building fire protection, building sound insulation, new materials, building design and construction. technology. There are currently two systems for steel structure buildings in Finland, one is a light steel keel structure system using Termo keel, and the other is an ordinary steel frame system. Termo light steel keel structure system uses hot-dip galvanized thin-walled steel plate to make keel. Due to the improvement of frame thermal insulation performance, energy consumption can be greatly reduced in high-latitude Nordic countries, and other Nordic countries also use similar structural systems. This system is generally used for detached houses. The Italian BSAIS industrialized building system is a new type of housing building system jointly researched and designed by the New Italian Steel Company and the University of Genoa. The building system is novel in shape, reasonable in structure, good in seismic performance, fast in construction, comfortable in living and office, and adopts CAD computer assistance. Design and CAM computer-aided manufacturing are widely used in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and other regions.