A small knowledge of the terminology of steel structure

A little knowledge of relevant professional terms about steel structures: 1. Strength: The ability of the member section material or connection to resist damage. Strength calculations are calculations to prevent failure of structural members or connections due to material strength being exceeded. 2. Bearing capacity: The maximum internal force that the structure or component can bear without failure due to factors such as strength, stability or fatigue; or the maximum internal force when the failure mechanism is formed by plastic analysis; or the internal force when it reaches the deformation that is not suitable for continuous bearing. 3. Brittle fracture: Generally, it refers to the sudden brittle fracture of the steel structure without warning plastic deformation under the state of tensile stress. 4. Strength standard value: The yield point (yield strength) or tensile strength of steel specified by the national standard. 5. Strength design value: The value obtained by dividing the strength standard value of the steel or connection by the corresponding resistance sub-item coefficient. 6. First-order elastic analysis: The influence of the second-order deformation of the structure on the internal force is not considered, the equilibrium condition is established according to the undeformed structure, and the internal force and displacement of the structure are analyzed according to the elastic stage. 7. Second-order elastic analysis: Consider the influence of the second-order deformation of the structure on the internal force, establish equilibrium conditions according to the structure after displacement, and analyze the internal force and displacement of the structure according to the elastic stage. 8. Buckling: The rod or plate suddenly loses stability due to sudden large deformation that is inconsistent with the original stress state under the action of axial pressure, bending moment, and shear force alone or in combination. 9. Strength of the web after buckling: After the web is buckled, it can continue to maintain the ability to bear the load. 10. General height-to-thickness ratio: A parameter whose value is equal to the square root of the quotient of the flexural, shear or compressive yield strength of the steel divided by the corresponding web flexural, shear or local compressive elastic buckling stress. 11. Overall stability: Evaluation of whether the entire structure or member can buckling or buckling under external loads. 12. Effective width: The width when calculating the strength and stability of the section. 13. Effective width coefficient: The ratio of the effective width of the plate to the actual width of the plate. 14. Calculation length: The equivalent length obtained by multiplying the geometric length of the member between its effective restraint points by the coefficient considering the deformation of the rod end and the load condition is used to calculate the slenderness ratio of the member. The length of the weld used to calculate the strength of the weld joint. 15. Slenderness ratio: The ratio of the calculated length of the component to the radius of gyration of the component section. 16. Conversion slenderness ratio: In the overall stability calculation of the axial compression member, according to the principle of equal critical force, the corresponding slenderness ratio when the latticed member is converted into a solid web member for calculation or the bending and torsion is calculated. The slenderness ratio used when torsional instability is converted to bending instability. 17. Supporting force: In the buckling direction of the supported member (or the compression flange of the member) at the lateral support set to reduce the free length of the compression member (or the compression flange of the member), the required force shall be applied. The lateral force at the shear center of the section of the member (or the compression edge of the member). 18. Unsupported pure frame: A frame that resists lateral loads by relying on the bending resistance of components and node connections. 19. Strong support frame: In the support frame, the support structure (support truss, shear wall, elevator shaft, etc.) has a relatively large stiffness against lateral movement, and the frame can be regarded as a frame without lateral movement. 20. Weak support frame: In the support frame, the support structure has a weak stiffness against lateral movement, and the frame cannot be regarded as a frame without lateral movement. 21. Swing column: The two ends of the frame are hinged columns that cannot resist lateral loads. 22. Column web node domain: At the rigid connection node of the frame beam column, the area of ​​the column web within the beam height range. 23. Spherical steel support: The steel spherical surface that enables the structure to rotate in any direction at the support is used as a hinged support or movable support for force transmission. 24. Rubber bearing: The composite material products such as rubber and thin steel plate that meet the displacement requirements of the bearing are used as the bearing to transmit the reaction force of the bearing. 25. Main pipe: In the steel pipe structural member, the pipe fittings that are continuously connected at the node, such as the chord in the truss. 26. Branch pipe: In the steel pipe structure, the pipe that is disconnected at the node and connected to the main pipe, such as the web rod connected to the main pipe in the truss. 27. Gap node: A tube node where the toes of two tubes are separated by a certain distance. 28. Lap joint: At the steel pipe joint, the joint where two pipes overlap each other. 29. Plane pipe node: The node where the branch pipe and the main pipe are connected to each other in the same plane. 30. Space tube node: A tube node formed by the connection of branch tubes and main tubes in different planes. 31. Composite components: A component composed of more than one steel plate (or section steel) connected to each other,Such as I-section or box-section composite beam or column. 32. Steel and concrete composite beam: A beam that can bear the overall force by combining the concrete wing plate and the steel beam through the shear connector.